All stars have photospheres, although they are not all so thin as that of the Sun. To most of us, the Sun looks like a perfect, white-hot globe, smooth and without a blemish. However, detailed scrutiny indicates that the photosphere is often pitted with dark, ephemeral spots, called sunspots (Fig. 5.1).
- 1 Do stars have a photosphere?
- 2 What planet has a photosphere?
- 3 Do all stars have atmospheres?
- 4 Do all stars have a corona?
- 5 What color is the chromosphere?
- 6 Why all stars do not have chromosphere and corona?
- 7 What is the chromosphere of a star?
- 8 Do stars have gravity?
- 9 What does the luminosity of a main sequence star tell us quizlet?
- 10 Where can we find photosphere?
- 11 When can you see the photosphere?
- 12 What does the chromosphere of the Sun do?
- 13 What is the difference between the photosphere and chromosphere?
- 14 What is the Sun’s photosphere?
- 15 What happens in the chromosphere of the Sun?
- 16 Is the chromosphere heated by the corona?
- 17 Is the chromosphere hotter than the photosphere?
- 18 What is the Sun’s photosphere quizlet?
- 19 What are the photosphere chromosphere and corona?
- 20 Why chromosphere is red?
- 21 Why is the solar corona hotter than the photosphere?
- 22 How can you identify the chromosphere during a total solar eclipse?
- 23 Is Sun’s corona a plasma?
- 24 What is the edges of the Sun called?
- 25 Why black holes have high gravity?
- 26 Does sun have gravity?
- 27 Does luminosity determine the classification of stars?
- 28 Which star is not part of the main sequence?
- 29 Does the Sun have a surface?
- 30 What happens to a star after hydrogen stops fusing in the core?
- 31 What does the luminosity of a main sequence star tell us?
- 32 Does the Sun have a surface called the crust?
- 33 Why wouldn’t we see the features of the chromosphere in a simple visible light image of the Sun?
- 34 What are the distinctive characteristics of the chromosphere?
- 35 Can you see the chromosphere?
- 36 What is the chromosphere made up of?
- 37 Why does the Sun emit neutrinos?
- 38 What type of energy transport is occurring just below the photosphere?
- 39 How hot is a lightning bolt?
- 40 How hot is the moon?
- 41 How does the Parker Solar Probe not melt?
- 42 Why is the photosphere called?
- 43 How did Supernova 1987A demonstrate that new elements are made in supernova explosions?
- 44 What layer of the Sun is the chromosphere?
- 45 Why does the Sun look hairy?
- 46 What is the thinnest layer of the Sun?
- 47 What causes Coronalholes?
- 48 Where could you find the photosphere?
- 49 Which features are visible on the Sun’s photosphere?
- 50 When can the chromosphere be directly observed?
Do stars have a photosphere?
The photosphere is a star’s outer shell from which light is radiated.
What planet has a photosphere?
This level is what we see as the glowing “surface” of the Sun – the photosphere. The temperature of the photosphere is around 5,500° C (about 9,900° F). The photosphere is much cooler than the Sun’s core, which has a temperature well above 10 million degrees.
Do all stars have atmospheres?
All stars have atmospheres, but scientists have only truly observed such a veneer off our very own sun. But that’s all changed with a new image of the red supergiant Antares. Sitting about 470 light-years away, Antares is about 12 times the mass of the sun and 700 times larger.
Do all stars have a corona?
The outermost part of the stellar atmosphere is the corona, a tenuous plasma which has a temperature above one million Kelvin. While all stars on the main sequence feature transition regions and coronae, not all evolved stars do so. It seems that only some giants, and very few supergiants, possess coronae.
What color is the chromosphere?
The Sun’s chromosphere appears as a rim of red light during a solar eclipse. The lower region of the Sun’s atmosphere is called the chromosphere. Its name comes from the Greek root chroma (meaning color), for it appears bright red when viewed during a solar eclipse.
Why all stars do not have chromosphere and corona?
Also A-stars do not have convection zones but they do not emit at the UV and X-ray wavelengths. Thus they appear to have neither chromospheres nor coronae.
What is the chromosphere of a star?
Definition: Chromosphere is a reddish and glowing layer of gas above a star’s (or Sun’s) photosphere. It is actually the transition between corona and the photosphere.
Do stars have gravity?
A star is a sphere of gas held together by its own gravity. The closest star to Earth is our very own Sun, so we have an example nearby that astronomers can study in detail. The lessons we learn about the Sun can be applied to other stars. A star’s life is a constant struggle against the force of gravity.
What does the luminosity of a main sequence star tell us quizlet?
Luminosity classes of stars are designated by Roman numerals and tell us what region of the H-R diagram the star falls in. We use both spectral type and luminosity class to completely classify stars; the spectral type tells us the star’s temperature while the luminosity class tells us its radius.
Where can we find photosphere?
Photosphere – The photosphere is the deepest layer of the Sun that we can observe directly. It reaches from the surface visible at the center of the solar disk to about 250 miles (400 km) above that.
When can you see the photosphere?
The photosphere is the disk you see in the sky when you look at the Sun through a filtered telescope or as a projection on a piece of paper. You should never look at the Sun directly, it can cause blindness.
What does the chromosphere of the Sun do?
The chromosphere may play a role in conducting heat from the interior of the sun to its outermost layer, the corona.
What is the difference between the photosphere and chromosphere?
The photosphere is about 300 km thick. Most of the Sun’s visible light that we see originates from this region. The chromosphere is about 2000 km thick. We only see this layer and the other outer layers during an eclipse.
What is the Sun’s photosphere?
photosphere, visible surface of the Sun, from which is emitted most of the Sun’s light that reaches Earth directly.
What happens in the chromosphere of the Sun?
NASA/Marshall Solar Physics. Click on image for larger version. The chromosphere is an irregular layer above the photosphere where the temperature rises from 6000°C to about 20,000°C. At these higher temperatures hydrogen emits light that gives off a reddish color (H-alpha emission).
Is the chromosphere heated by the corona?
In the chromosphere, almost all the mechanical energy flux supplied to the outer solar atmosphere by magneto-convection is converted into heat and radiation, leaving a small amount to power the solar wind and the hot corona: the chromosphere requires over 30 times more energy than the corona and heliosphere combined.
Is the chromosphere hotter than the photosphere?
While the photosphere hovers around 5,800 kelvin, the temperature of the chromosphere varies between 4,500 K and 20,000 K. Even though it’s more distant from the center of the Sun, the chromosphere is hotter than the photosphere.
What is the Sun’s photosphere quizlet?
Definition: The photosphere is the visible surface of the sun.
What are the photosphere chromosphere and corona?
The Sun – our central star
Beginning from the outside, they are: the corona – the outermost, hot shell of the atmosphere. the chromosphere – a transparent layer between the corona and the photosphere. the photosphere – the visible “surface” of the Sun.
Why chromosphere is red?
The chromosphere appears red because of the large amount of hydrogen present. You can see this red color at the very edge of the Sun during a total solar eclipse. The most visible and impressive features of the chromosphere include filaments and prominences.
Why is the solar corona hotter than the photosphere?
The heat travels along what are called solar magnetic flux tubes before bursting into the corona, producing its high temperature.
How can you identify the chromosphere during a total solar eclipse?
How can you identify the chromosphere during a total solar eclipse? It’s a reddish glow at the end or beginning of an eclipse.
Is Sun’s corona a plasma?
corona, outermost region of the Sun’s atmosphere, consisting of plasma (hot ionized gas). It has a temperature of approximately two million kelvins and an extremely low density.
What is the edges of the Sun called?
The ordinary solar spectrum is produced by the photosphere; during an eclipse the brilliant photosphere is blocked out by the Moon and three objects are visible: (1) a thin, pink ring around the edge of the Sun called the chromosphere, (2) a pearly, faint halo extending a great distance, known as the corona, and (3) …
Why black holes have high gravity?
A black hole is a place in space where gravity pulls so much that even light can not get out. The gravity is so strong because matter has been squeezed into a tiny space.
Does sun have gravity?
Does luminosity determine the classification of stars?
The most widely used system of star classification divides stars of a given spectral class into six categories called luminosity classes. These luminosity classes are denoted by Roman numbers as follows: Ia: Brightest supergiants. Ib: Less luminous supergiants.
Which star is not part of the main sequence?
Main sequence stars are normal stars, but due to historical factors they are also known as dwarf stars. Other “dwarf” stars that are not main sequence stars include white dwarfs and brown dwarfs. After a star has formed, it generates energy at its hot, dense core through the fusion of hydrogen atoms into helium.
Does the Sun have a surface?
Surface. The Sun doesn’t have a solid surface like Earth and the other rocky planets and moons. The part of the Sun commonly called its surface is the photosphere. The word photosphere means “light sphere” – which is apt because this is the layer that emits the most visible light.
What happens to a star after hydrogen stops fusing in the core?
Once a star has exhausted its supply of hydrogen in its core, leaving nothing but helium, the outward force created by fusion starts to decrease and the star can no longer maintain equilibrium. The force of gravity becomes greater than the force from internal pressure and the star begins to collapse.
What does the luminosity of a main sequence star tell us?
Main sequence is when a star is burning hydrogen in its core. The luminosity and temperature of a main-sequence star are set by its mass. More massive means brighter and hotter. A ten solar mass star has about ten times the sun’s supply of nuclear energy.
Does the Sun have a surface called the crust?
The photosphere of the Sun is like the crust of the Earth in some ways. Both the photosphere and the crust are many miles thick. The top of the crust is the surface of the Earth. If we could stand on the moon and look at the Earth, we would see it’s surface — its crust.
Why wouldn’t we see the features of the chromosphere in a simple visible light image of the Sun?
These particular colors of sunlight come not from the Sun’s photosphere, but from the next highest layer, called the “chromosphere.” We normally can’t see the chromosphere in white light pictures, because it is so much fainter than the photosphere that the photosphere “washes it out.” It’s like trying to see a candle …
What are the distinctive characteristics of the chromosphere?
The Chromosphere
The thin chromosphere is heated by energy from the photosphere. Temperatures range from about 4,000°C to about 10,000°C. The chromosphere is not as hot as other parts of the Sun, and it glows red. Jets of gas sometimes fly up through the chromosphere.
Can you see the chromosphere?
The density of the chromosphere is only 10−4 times that of the photosphere, the layer beneath, and 10−8 times that of the atmosphere of Earth at sea level. This makes the chromosphere normally invisible and it can be seen only during a total eclipse, where its reddish color is revealed.
What is the chromosphere made up of?
The chromosphere is mainly made of hydrogen and helium plasma, which is ionized to produce red visible light, as seen during an eclipse.
Why does the Sun emit neutrinos?
Neutrinos are born during the process of nuclear fusion in the sun. In fusion, protons (the nucleus from the simplest element, hydrogen) fuse together to form a heavier element, helium. This releases neutrinos and energy that will eventually reach Earth as light and heat.
What type of energy transport is occurring just below the photosphere?
What type of energy transport is occurring just below the photosphere? What is the evidence in the photosphere of the type of energy transport occurring beneath it? A certain type of energy transport (radiation, convection, or conduction) occurs just below the photosphere.
How hot is a lightning bolt?
Lightning can get five times hotter than the sun. The surface of the sun is estimated to be 10,000 degrees Fahrenheit. However, a lightning strike can reach 50,000 degrees Fahrenheit. This is because air is a poor conductor of heat, so it gets extremely hot when the electricity (lightning) passes through it.
How hot is the moon?
The moon’s temperature can reach a boiling 250° Fahrenheit (120° Celsius or 400 Kelvin) during lunar daytime at the moon’s equator, according to NASA.
How does the Parker Solar Probe not melt?
The thermal Protection System (TPS) is 8 feet (2.4 meters) in diameter and 4.5 inches (115 millimeters) thick to protect Parker Solar Probe from the intense heat generated by the Sun. Even though the shield provides just a few inches of protection, this allows the spacecraft to maintain a temperature of 85 F (30 C).
Why is the photosphere called?
The photosphere is a star’s outer shell from which light is radiated. The term itself is derived from Ancient Greek roots, φῶς, φωτός/phos, photos meaning “light” and σφαῖρα/sphaira meaning “sphere”, in reference to it being a spherical surface that is perceived to emit light.
How did Supernova 1987A demonstrate that new elements are made in supernova explosions?
How did Supernova 1987A demonstrate that new elements are made in supernova explosions? Some of the energy produced in the event we call Supernova 1987A was used to blow the star apart. Out of the following places that the energy of this event could go, which absorbed by far the most energy?
What layer of the Sun is the chromosphere?
The chromosphere is the second most outer layer of the Sun. Several thousand kilometres thick, it resides above the photosphere and beneath the corona. Due to its low density, it is relatively transparent, resulting in the photosphere being regarded as the visual surface of the Sun.
Why does the Sun look hairy?
Our star is a marvelous orb of seething hot gas. It periodically grows sunspots, “cooler” regions where the magnetic field has become tangled and knotted. Tendrils of plasma called prominences unfurl from the solar limb into space, sometimes making the Sun look like a hairy ball when viewed through a telescope.
What is the thinnest layer of the Sun?
Around the core lie two layers: a thick layer called the radiative zone and a thinner, cooler layer called the convective zone. Surrounding all of them is the sun’s surface layer, known as the photosphere.
What causes Coronalholes?
A coronal hole is a large region in the corona which is less dense and is cooler than its surrounds. Such holes may appear at any time of the solar cycle but they are most common during the declining phase of the cycle. Coronal holes occur when the Sun’s magnetic field is open to interplanetary space.
Where could you find the photosphere?
Photosphere – The photosphere is the deepest layer of the Sun that we can observe directly. It reaches from the surface visible at the center of the solar disk to about 250 miles (400 km) above that.
Which features are visible on the Sun’s photosphere?
The lower section of the Sun’s atmosphere, the chromosphere, lies above the photosphere. Sunspots, indicators of disturbed magnetic fields, are the most common features seen in the photosphere. Sunspots are generally surrounded by lighter areas called faculae, those these are sometimes harder to see than sunspots.
When can the chromosphere be directly observed?
The chromosphere, thus, can be only seen during a complete solar eclipse. During the total eclipse, the moon hides the photosphere and makes way for the reddish chromosphere to be seen. Chromosphere’s temperature ranges from 6,000 to 20,000 degree Celsius.